November message from the Health & Safety Committee

If you want to decrease your risk for heart disease, it may be important for you to reduce the added sugar in your diet. As you know about sugar and heart disease, while sugars are not harmful to the body, our bodies don’t need sugars to function properly. Added sugars — sugars that are not found naturally in foods — contribute additional calories with zero nutrients to food.

Depending on the foods you choose and the amount of physical activity you do each day, you may have calories left over for “extras” that can be used on treats like solid fats, added sugars and alcohol. These are discretionary calories, or calories to be spent at your discretion after you have met your daily calorie need.

The American Heart Association recommends limiting the amount of added sugars you consume to no more than half of your daily discretionary calorie allowance.

Finding added sugars in food

The first step to reducing added sugars in your diet is finding them. Unfortunately, you can’t tell easily by looking at the nutrition facts panel of a food if it contains added sugars. The line for “sugars” includes both added and natural sugars. Naturally occurring sugars are found in milk (lactose) and fruit (fructose). Any product that contains milk (such as yogurt, milk or cream) or fruit (fresh, dried) contains some natural sugars.

Reading the ingredient list on a processed food’s label can tell you if the product contains added sugars, just not the exact amount if the product also contains natural sugars.

Names for added sugars on labels include:

• Brown sugar

• Corn sweetener

• Corn syrup

• Fruit juice concentrates

• High-fructose corn syrupc

• Invert sugar

• Malt sugar

• Molasses

• Raw sugar

• Sugar

• Sugar molecules ending in “ose” (dextrose, fructose, glucose, lactose, maltose, sucrose)

• Syrup

• Sugar-Free: Less than 0.5 g of sugar per serving.

• Reduced Sugar or Less Sugar: At least 25 percent less sugars per serving compared to a standard serving size of the traditional variety.

• No Added Sugars or Without Added Sugars: No sugars or sugar-containing ingredient such as juice or dry fruit is added during processing.

• Low Sugar: Not defined or allowed as a claim on food labels.

Although you can’t isolate the calories per serving from added sugars with the information on a nutrition label, it may be helpful to calculate the calories per serving from total sugars (added sugars and naturally occurring sugars). To do this, multiply the grams of sugar by 4 (there are 4 calories per 1 gram of sugar). For example, a product containing 15 g of sugar has 60 calories from sugar per serving.

Keep in mind that if the product has no fruit or milk products in the ingredients, all of the sugars in the food are from added sugars. If the product contains fruit or milk products, the total sugar per serving listed on the label will include added and naturally occurring sugars.

Tips for getting less added sugar

Use these simple tips to reduce sugar in your diet:

• Remove sugar (white and brown), syrup, honey and molasses from the table — out of sight, out of mind!

• Cut back on the amount of sugar added to things you eat or drink regularly like cereal, pancakes, coffee or tea.

  Try cutting the usual amount of sugar you add by half and wean down from there, or consider using an artificial

  sweetener.

• Buy sugar-free or low-calorie beverages.

• Buy fresh fruits or fruits canned in water or natural juice. Avoid fruit canned in syrup, especially heavy syrup.

• Instead of adding sugar to cereal or oatmeal, add fresh fruit (try bananas, cherries or strawberries) or dried fruit

  (raisins, cranberries or apricots).

• When baking cookies, brownies or cakes, cut the sugar called for in your recipe by one-third to one-half. Often

  you won’t notice the difference.

• Instead of adding sugar in recipes, use extracts such as almond, vanilla, orange or lemon.

• Enhance foods with spices instead of sugar; try ginger, allspice, cinnamon or nutmeg.

• Substitute unsweetened applesauce for sugar in recipes (use equal amounts).

Physical fitness